Yearly Archives: 2019
Cheap 8000w Reliable Inverter, That Works! WZRELB #youtubevids
Aims 6000 watt 48v inverter and battery bank (Whole home uninterrupted backup) – 1.5 of 3 – UPDATE #youtubevids
BEST CUBE #1 BEST COUB JOKES 2019 December #youtubevids
File Systems for Tiny Devices
Sometimes you build a computer and use it every day. Sometimes you build a different type of computer and it sits alone on a mountaintop for years. The design considerations for these two setups are remarkably different, right down to the type of file system used. For small computers like [Jo] is using, and for the amount of time they sit alone in remote locations, he decided to build his own file system for them.
Known as JesFs ([Jo]’s embedded serial File system), the file system is for SPI Flash and intended for use in scientific data logging. It can be used on the chip-scale processors found in many development boards, and is robust enough to use in applications where remoteness is a concern. It has a small RAM footprint, is completely open source, includes wear leveling, and has a number of security features built-in as well.
Some of the benefits of using a file system on such a tiny chip aren’t immediately obvious unless you’re doing a lot of data logging, but it does allow you to change virtually any aspect of the firmware much more easily if everything is accessible as a file, and not something you would have to change by reflashing the whole chip, for example. There are also a number of traps that you can easily fall into when working with file systems for tiny devices.
source https://hackaday.com/2019/12/07/file-systems-for-tiny-devices/
DIY – 12V Mini UPS #youtubevids
r/talesfromsecurity – The Boss From H🔥ll #youtubevids
ESP32 Audio Sampling with Interrupts and IRAM
Interrupting while someone is talking is rude for humans, but smart for computers. [Ivan Voras] shows how to use interrupts to service the ESP32 analog to digital converters when sampling sound. Interestingly, he uses the Arduino IDE mixed with native ESP-IDF APIs to get the best performance.
Like most complex interrupt-driven software, [Ivan’s] code uses a two-stage interrupt strategy. When a timer expires, an interrupt occurs. The handler needs to complete quickly so it does nothing but set a flag. Another routine blocks on the flag and then does the actual work required.
Because the interrupt service routine needs to be fast, it has to be in RAM. [Ivan] uses the IRAM_ATTR attribute to make this work and explains what’s going on when you use it.
…the CPU cores can only execute instructions (and access data) from the embedded RAM, not from the flash storage where the program code and data are normally stored. To get around this, a part of the total 520 KiB of RAM is dedicated as IRAM, a 128 KiB cache used to transparently load code from flash storage.The ESP32 uses separate buses for code and data (“Harvard architecture”) so they are very much handled separately, and that extends to memory properties: IRAM is special, and can only be accessed at 32-bit address boundaries.
This is very important because some ESP-IDF calls — including adc1_get_raw — do not use this attribute and will, therefore, crash if they get pushed out to flash memory. At the end, he muses between the benefit of using an OS with the ESP32 or going bare metal.
If you want to know more about the Arduino on ESP32, we covered that. We also dug deeper into the chip a few times.
source https://hackaday.com/2019/12/07/esp32-audio-sampling-with-interrupts-and-iram/
Learn Water Purification Techniques with this STEM Learning Kit
We see a lot of great STEM education projects. These projects have a way of turning into something much larger. How many commercial devices and machines are built on Raspberry Pi’s and Arduinos? [Ryan Beltrán] is using common materials to teach people how to clean water. This particular kit demonstrates a water purification process called electro-coagulation.
When current is passed through two electrodes suspended in water it changes the surface charge on the suspended solids. This causes the solids, metals, and oils to clump together which makes them considerably easier to treat and clean.
The kit consists of a jar, electrodes, some 3D printed parts, and a pre-flashed Arduino. There’s also salts and filters to finalize the purification process. Students can start the experiment right away and if they’re inspired they’ll have all the tools to try more advanced techniques.
Often STEM kits lean heavily to robotics or computer science, but there are so many vast and interesting fields out there with problems that need to be solved.
source https://hackaday.com/2019/12/07/learn-water-purification-techniques-with-this-stem-learning-kit/
Beer Keg Becomes High-Performance Pizza Oven
Pizza varies all around the world, with several cities having put their own mark on the Italian dish. To make an authentic pie in the Neapolitan style requires extremely high temperatures in order to cook the pizza through in just a couple of minutes. Armed with a beer keg and some ingenuity, [AndrewW1977] got down to work, building a rig that could get the job done.
The build starts by cutting the keg in half. A series of zigzag steel pieces are welded inside, in order to give the refractory cement more surface area to stick to. With the cement poured and set, a handle was welded to the keg for ease of use, as well as a thermometer to monitor internal temperatures.
Initial attempts to cook using the rig used a wood-fired rocket stove design. This had the drawback of taking up to 45 minutes to reach the appropriate temperature, so the build then switched to using God’s Gas, clean burning propane, as a fuel source. With a jet-style burner installed in the base, the oven was ready to start turning out pizzas.
The idea of cooking a hot, fresh pizza in just a couple of minutes has us salivating at the possibilities. We’ve seen other high-speed pizza ovens, too. Video after the break.
source https://hackaday.com/2019/12/07/beer-keg-becomes-high-performance-pizza-oven/
THESE ENGINES ARE THE BEST! Raft Survival S2 Episode 4 #youtubevids
Holovect – Holographic Vector Display
The Holovect Mk II is a self-contained laser-based volumetric display system that fits on your lab bench or desktop. It is the perfect companion to a 3D printer and a stand-alone educational or promotional device. The Holovect Mk II is the first commercially available, laser-based desktop “holographic” display, capable of drawing 3D objects in air with light.
Holographic
Holovect images are NOT holograms but instead volumetric vector images projected onto modified air (i.e. projections in space). This distinction is due to the fact that a hologram is a recording of interference patterns on film or glass plates that contains three-dimensional information about an object (greek root “holo” means whole or complete, and “gram” means record). However, since Holovect images contain three dimensional information and are free-floating objects in air, they are most certainly holographic. They are real 3-D projections.
Mirage Technology
So how does it work? The principles are simple. When light travels between two different mediums in most cases you get three different effects to some degree: refraction (bending), reflection, and/or diffusion, depending on the different “refractive index” (RI) of the materials. An example of this are mirages, which occur when a portion of air has a different RI than its surroundings, causing light beams to bend and be reflected in unexpected ways. This can happen because of temperature or pressure differences from one region to the next.
With the holovect technology, we have invented how to control air within a box shaped section of space to precisely modify the RI within specific regions to refract and reflect a laser beam. This modification raises the “albedo” which is defined as the proportion of the incident light that is reflected by a surface, as well as the refractive properties at the boundary between the modified and unmodified air. Therefore by simultaneously controlling the aim of the laser and the position of a modified air column, a computer can place a volumetric pixel or voxel of light anywhere in 3D space. Then by keeping a laser beam on as it aims from point A to point B a line is drawn which is a 3D vector, and by joining many vectors in a sequence a holographic vector object can be generated. The Holovect Mk II is capable of drawing a complete image 50 times per second within
a 12cm by 12cm by 12cm cube we call the “drawbox”. Outside of this box things get messy, unpredictable and, in general, not useful.
VECTS
“Vect” objects are the data-structure developed for the Holovect. Put simply it is a list of 3D coordinates that result in lines drawn in a head-to-tail sequence in space, which are compiled into vect class objects. The files are straightforward and easy to create using a variety of online tools, spreadsheets, or good old pencil and graph paper. Once loaded, vects can be rotated in three axes and moved around within the cubic canvas. These objects can be manipulated using the control knob, preset functions such as spin and move, or used within your own applications.
3-D printing pre-visualizer and Applications
Holovect Mk II can be used to visualize CAD models in STL format before 3D printing. This can be done in two ways: importing STL files and convert them to vect format, or visualized directly. Depending on the desired visualization, converting the STL will result in a volumetric wireframe projection, whereas direct STL visualization slices the model into layers which is ideal to inspect for potential manufacturing errors and revise inner structure in hollow parts before printing. This volumetric pre-visualization ability increases design and manufacturing efficiency by saving time and printing material before committing to a long printing process.
Other applications include the visualization of 3D data acquired through a 3D scanner, or a computed tomography scan. Commercial applications could also include advertising and branding.
Beyond
As the community grows, our open source software philosophy will allow users to create applications that take advantage of Holovect’s glasses-free, touchable volumetric display. Games, tools and art applications are all in the works and should be available to users by shipping time. Moreover, the hardware will accommodate any advancements in 3D image capture and creation.
Risks and challenges
Our biggest challenge is producing enough units to keep costs low and maintain a large community of content creators. Your contributions will help our efforts and push this nascent technology further than even our imaginations can predict.
We have spent a year redesigning and streamlining the product and production line. We are ready to put considerable amount of units into the hands of developers, early adopters and enthusiasts. Help us make Holovect the standard of holographic volumetric displays.
Upgrade Your Shades to Find Lost Items
Ever wish you could augment your sense of sight?
[Nick Bild]’s latest hack helps you find objects (or people) by locating their position and tracking them with a laser. The device, dubbed Artemis, latches onto your eyeglasses and can be configured to locate a specific object.
Images collected from the device are streamed to an NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier board, which uses a SSD300 (Single Shot MultiBox Detection) model to locate objects. The model was pre-trained with the COCO dataset to recognize and localize 80 different object types given input from images thresholded in OpenCV. Once the desired object is identified and located, a laser diode activates.
Probably due to the current thresholds, the demo runs mostly work on objects placed further apart against a neutral background. It’s an interesting look at applications combining computer vision with physical devices to augment experiences, rather than simply processing and analyzing data.
The device uses two servos for controlling the laser: one for X-axis control and the other for Y-axis control. The controls are executed from an Adafruit Itsy Bitsy M4 Express microcontroller.
Perhaps with a bit more training, we might not have so much trouble with “Where’s Waldo” puzzles anymore.
Check out some of our other sunglasses hacks, from home automation to using LCDs to lessening the glare from headlights.
source https://hackaday.com/2019/12/07/upgrade-your-shades-to-find-lost-items/
Dwarf Fortress
Dwarf Fortress (officially called Slaves to Armok: God of Blood Chapter II: Dwarf Fortress) is a part construction and management simulation, part roguelike, indie video game created by Tarn and Zach Adams. Freeware and in development since 2002, its first alpha version was released in 2006 and it received attention for being a two-member project surviving solely on donations. The primary game mode is set in a procedurally generated fantasy world in which the player indirectly controls a group of dwarves, and attempts to construct a successful and wealthy underground fortress. Critics praised its complex, emergent gameplay but had mixed reactions to its difficulty. The game influenced Minecraft and was selected among other games to be featured in the Museum of Modern Art to show the history of video gaming in 2012.
The game has text-based graphics and is open-ended with no main objectives. Before playing, the player has to set in motion a process which generates worlds with continents, oceans and histories documenting civilizations. The main game mode, Dwarf Fortress, consists of selecting a suitable site from the generated-world, establishing a successful colony or fortress, combating threats like goblin invasions, generating wealth and taking care of the dwarves. Each dwarf is modeled down to its individual personality, has likes or dislikes and possesses specific trainable skills in various labors. The second main game mode, Adventurer, is a turn-based, open-ended roguelike mode where the player starts off as an adventurer in the world and is free to explore, complete quests, or even visit old abandoned fortresses. The combat system is anatomically detailed with combat logs describing events like organs getting pierced, fat getting bruised and limbs getting severed.
Prior to Dwarf Fortress, Tarn Adams was working on a project called Slaves to Armok: God of Blood which was a role-playing game. By 2004, Adams decided to shift from the original Armok to Dwarf Fortress after the former became difficult to maintain. Adams calls it his life’s work and said in 2011 that version 1.0 will not be ready for at least another 20 years, and even after that he would continue to work on it. The game has a cult following and an active online community. As there is no way to win, every fortress, no matter how successful, is usually destroyed somehow. This prompts the official community motto: “Losing is Fun!”
r/IDOWorkHereLady – New executive assistant doesn’t realize I’m one of the founders Best Stories! #youtubevids
Carron Engelbrecht
Pantone
Pantone provides a universal language of color that enables color-critical decisions through every stage of the workflow for brands and manufacturers. More than 10 million designers and producers around the world rely on Pantone products and services to help define, communicate and control color from inspiration to realization – leveraging advanced X-Rite technology to achieve color consistency across various materials and finishes for graphics, fashion and product design. Pantone Standards feature digital and physical color specification and workflow tools. The Pantone Color Institute™ provides customized color standards, brand identity and product color consulting as well as trend forecasting inclusive of Pantone Color of the Year, Fashion Runway Color Trend Reports, color psychology and more. Pantone B2B Licensing incorporates the Pantone Color System into different products and services, enabling licensees to communicate and reproduce approved Pantone values and improve efficiencies for their users. Pantone Lifestyle brings color and design together across apparel, home, and accessories. Learn more and connect with Pantone on Instagram, Facebook, Pinterest, and LinkedIn.
About Pantone Standards
In 1963, Pantone revolutionized the printing industry with the colorful PANTONE MATCHING SYSTEM®, an innovative tool allowing for the faithful selection, articulation and reproduction of consistent, accurate color anywhere in the world. The tool organizes color standards through a proprietary numbering system and chip format, which have since become iconic to the Pantone brand.
Pantone’s color language supports all color conscious industries; textiles, apparel, beauty, interiors, architectural and industrial design, encompassing over 10,000 color standards across multiple materials including printing, textiles, plastics, pigments, and coatings.
Pantone Standards are available both digitally and physically. Integrated workflow tools such as PantoneLIVE and Pantone Studio, ensure market-relevancy and color achievability as technology continues to transform the design process.
About Pantone Lifestyle
An iconic name in the fashion, product, graphic design and lifestyle-oriented industries, Pantone is a symbol of the design-minded. Pantone Lifestyle, the consumer-licensing division of Pantone, offers consumer products inspired by the signature Pantone chip design, to infuse daily life with intentional color and patterns.
The Pantone Lifestyle division celebrates a modern design aesthetic and bold use of color, brought to life through collaborations with likeminded brands and licensing partnerships in categories including home furnishings, apparel, beauty, travel, and desktop accessories.SHOP PANTONE LIFESTYLE
About Pantone Color Institute
The Pantone Color Institute™ is a consulting service within Pantone that forecasts global color trends and advises companies on color in brand identity and product development, for the application and integration of color as a strategic asset. Recognized around the world as a leading source of color information through seasonal trend forecasts, custom color development, and palette recommendations for product and corporate identity, Pantone Color Institute partners with global brands to leverage the power, psychology and emotion of color in their design strategy.LEARN MORE
Our Parent X-Rite
Headquartered in Grand Rapids, Michigan, X-Rite is a global company with locations around the world. Experts in blending the art and science of color, they focus on providing complete end-to-end color management solutions for their clients in every industry where color matters.LEARN MORE
Colors of the Year
2020Classic Blue19-40522019Living Coral16-15462018Ultra Violet18-38382017Greenery15-03432016Rose Quartz13-15202016Serenity15-39192015Marsala18-14382014Radiant Orchid18-32242013Emerald17-56412012Tangerine Tango17-14632011Honeysuckle18-21202010Turquoise15-55192009Mimosa14-08482008Blue Iris18-39432007Chili Pepper19-1557
2006
Sand Dollar
13-1106
2005
Blue Turquoise
15-5217
2004
Tigerlily
17-1456
2003
Aqua Sky
14-4811
2002
True Red
19-1664
2001
Fuchsia Rose
17-2031
2000
Cerulean Blue
15-4020
r/IDOWorkHereLady – You Do Work Here, Lady! #youtubevids
Nerdforge
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCggHsHce2n3vvbJf_8YKrMA
Hello! We’re the Nerdforge couple Martina & Hansi! Our channel is about making all kinds of things! If you’re wondering what to expect we really couldn’t tell you, as our inspiration is largely random, unplanned and chaotic. One day you get a soda dispenser, another day you get an epic castle! But, some common denominators are: leds, arduino, foam, leather and epicness! See you in the comments ! 🙂
Doni Bobes
https://www.youtube.com/user/DoniBobesMC/featured
Doni Bobes is me. Minecraft Video I make. The video you like. The subscribe button you will hit. pls
Kitchen Nightmares Uncensored – Season 6 Episode 2 – Full Episode #youtubevids
Neodymium Magnets
The Differences in N-Ratings for Neodymium Magnets
Every type of rare earth magnet, whether neodymium, AlNiCo, or something else, has its own alphanumerical system for classifying strength. Each one is unique, and there’s no simple formula for translating a system from one magnet type into the system for another.
Because the classification systems are so different, it’s important to understand each magnet’s rating system so you can prevent magnet failures and potentially costly or dangerous situations.
Cracking Neodymium’s N-Ratings
Neodymium magnets are categorized by N-ratings, typically formed by an N, then a number, and then sometimes a couple more letters.
The N stands for neo, an industry simplification of neodymium. The numbers, however, are more complicated. In general, the number indicates the strength of the magnet, measured in Megagauss Oersted (MGOe). If a magnet has a grade of N-42, it has a maximum energy product of 42 MGOe. For every increase of 1, the magnet’s strength increases by about 1%. For example, an N-42 magnet is about 2% stronger than an N-40 magnet.
Once you’ve read the N and the following integers, you need to consider whether there are any letters after the numbers. These letters signal the maximum working temperature (the temperature at which the magnet will begin to lose strength) and the Curie temperature (the temperature at which the magnet will lose all magnetism).
Here’s what you can expect for each letter combination:
| Letter | Max Working Temperature | Curie Temperature |
| No other letters | ≤80°C | 320°C-330°C |
| H | ≤120°C | 330°C-340°C |
| SH | ≤150°C | 340°C-350°C |
| UH | ≤180°C | 350°C-360°C |
| EH | ≤200°C | 360°C-370°C |
When using a magnet with an N-rating that includes letters, proceed with caution. Neodymium magnets that can withstand higher temperatures aren’t pure neodymium. In order to withstand high temperatures, the neodymium needs to mix with other, weaker metals. In general, the more heat resistance a neodymium magnet has, the weaker it will be. If you need a magnet with high heat resistance and high strength, you’ll want a magnet with a high numerical rating as well.
You’ll also need to keep an eye on your budget as these magnets are generally more expensive than those that aren’t designed to withstand high temperatures.
Putting Your Knowledge to Use
Now that you understand N-Ratings, let’s practice. Say you have a magnet with the following spec: N-30SH. What do you know about it?
The N tells us the magnet is primarily made of neodymium. The 30 tells us its max energy production is 30 MGOe. Finally, the SH means the magnet’s max working temperature is about 150°C, and its Curie temperature is between 340°C and 350°C.
Get Your Hands on Neodymium Magnets
Since you know how neodymium magnets are rated, you should have a pretty good idea of what you need for your facility. Of course, our customer service team is standing by if you need help. When you are ready to buy, Apex Magnets offers a huge selection of neodymium magnets perfectly suited for a variety of applications. If you can’t find what you’re looking for, Apex Magnets offers custom magnets as well.
DIY Electronics
https://www.diyelectronics.co.za/
DIYElectronics is commited as a company to provide you with the widest range of electronics to suit your professional or hobby needs. We understand that good electronics is important to any project, we also understand that every new project brings a host of new challenges. That is why we have created this WIKI for you, to help you in your projects, whether you are buying your first 3d printer or building a rocket to the moon, our aim is to make every step of your creative journey just a little bit easier.
Simple Pogo Programmer for ESP8266 Modules
ESP8266 development boards like the Wemos D1 Mini and NodeMCU are an excellent way to get a one-off project up and rolling quickly, but their size and relative complexity mean they aren’t necessarily a good choice for even short-run production hardware. On the other hand, programming the bare ESP modules can be something of a pain. But thanks to [Greg Frost], flashing those tiny little boards just got a lot easier.
His 3D printed design uses pogo pins to securely connect to the board’s castellated edges, which also holds it in place during the programming process. On the back side there’s just a few jumper wires and a couple of resistors, which ultimately lead to the FT232R FTDI board that actually connects the chip to the computer so you can program it.
We’d like to see a back panel that encloses the wiring, and perhaps an alternate version that deletes the space for the FTDI board in favor of a row of header pins. Both easy enough modifications to the basic design should [Greg] or anyone else feel so inclined. But even as it is, this is a great little programmer that can sourced and assembled easily and cheaply.
This isn’t the first 3D printed ESP8266 programmer we’ve seen, and there are some improvised versions which are even cheaper to put together, but this design has a certain professional look that we think will be right at home on your bench.
source https://hackaday.com/2019/12/07/simple-pogo-programmer-for-esp8266-modules/
This CPU Has Only One Instruction
Most of us will be familiar at some level with the operation of a basic CPU, usually through exposure to microprocessors of the type that find their way into our projects. We can look at its internal block diagram and get how it works, see the registers and ALU, follow the principles of a von Neumann architecture, and understand that it has an instruction set with different instructions for each of its functions. We all know that this only describes one type of CPU though, and thus it’s always interesting to see alternatives. [Ike Jr] then has a project that should provide a lot of interest, it’s a CPU that only has a single instruction. It can only move data from one place to another, which seems to preclude any possibility of computation. How on earth can it work?
The machine has a set of registers as well as memory, and it achieves computation by having specific registers where we might expect to see instructions. For example the AND register is a two-position stack, that when it is full computes the AND of its two pieces of data and places the result in a general purpose register. The write-up goes into significant detail on the CPU’s operation, and while it’s unlikely the world will move en masse to this architecture it’s still a very interesting read. For now this is a machine that exists in software simulation rather than in silicon, and he’s working to release it so enthusiasts for unusual CPUs can have a go.
The idea of having registers that compute reminds us of a transport triggered architecture machine, being not the same as a one instruction CPU with a more conventional computing instruction.
Abstract PCB header image: Harland Quarrington/MOD [OGL v1.0].
source https://hackaday.com/2019/12/07/this-cpu-has-only-one-instruction/